国产嘿嘿嘿视频在线观看_国产一区二区不卡在线看_国产精品民宅偷窥盗摄_国产无遮挡18禁网站免费_成人AV一区二区电影在线观看_亚洲国产初高中生女AV_老熟妇性老熟妇性色变态_国产女精品视频网站免费_亚洲国产精品成人无码A片软件_国产在线无码精品无码,久久亚洲综合,欧美伦费免费全部午夜最新,人妻少妇邻居少妇好多水在线

400-617-8887

首頁(yè) > 關(guān)于我們 > 最新動(dòng)態(tài) > 行業(yè)新聞

雙語(yǔ) | 年輕人確診ADHD?網(wǎng)友:自從確診,整個(gè)人生都得到了解釋
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2024-07-03 09:23:15 | 瀏覽次數(shù):

“確診ADHD,,讓我覺(jué)得整個(gè)人生都得到了解釋,?!?/span>


圖源:微博話題截圖

近期,,不少年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己似乎確診了“成人ADHD”,,各大社交平臺(tái)上#原來(lái)我有ADHD#等話題瀏覽量高達(dá)1814萬(wàn),。

不少?gòu)男★柺芷湔勰サ牟∪?,卻并不希望他人將ADHD看作是一種“時(shí)髦”,,有專家提示,當(dāng)這一概念火起來(lái)之后,,也需正視背后浮現(xiàn)的種種矛盾,。


圖源:小紅書(shū)

ADHD=“大雄-胖虎”綜合癥

ADHD全稱“注意缺陷多動(dòng)障礙(Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)”,這是一種常見(jiàn)的神經(jīng)發(fā)育障礙,,會(huì)影響患者的注意力,、記憶、決策等能力,,導(dǎo)致他們出現(xiàn)注意力不集中,、多動(dòng)和沖動(dòng)等行為和情緒問(wèn)題。


圖源:英國(guó)衛(wèi)報(bào)

長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),,ADHD也被稱為“多動(dòng)癥”,,大眾印象中,它多出現(xiàn)于兒童群體,。但實(shí)際上,,成人確診的比例也不低,很多患者一生中也未曾接受任何治療,。

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often misunderstood, and people who struggle with it are often viewed as quirky, disorganized, creative or forgetful. Many people go a lifetime without receiving a diagnosis or treatment.quirky: adj. 古怪的,,獨(dú)特的;

Untreated ADHD is a risk factor for a number of challenges, including unsafe driving, substance abuse and a higher risk of early death, according to a growing body of research.


ADHD有兩個(gè)亞型,一個(gè)是注意力缺陷,,表現(xiàn)為無(wú)法控制注意力,,另一個(gè)則是無(wú)法控制行為和情緒,就是多動(dòng),。日本有醫(yī)生提出了一個(gè)十分形象的名字“大雄-胖虎綜合癥”,,大雄的散漫、拖延代表了前一種,,胖虎的易怒,、沖動(dòng)則代表了第二種。


圖源:《哆啦A夢(mèng)》

飽受誤解的ADHD

坐不住,、站不住,,站著時(shí)也要小范圍來(lái)回走動(dòng);嚴(yán)重拖延,;入睡困難;閱讀障礙……

耶魯大學(xué)一位研究注意力及相關(guān)疾病的專家曾這樣比喻:“ADHD人群在完成一件不感興趣的事情時(shí),注意對(duì)象會(huì)頻繁地從一種活動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移到另一種活動(dòng),,很難保持專注,。這在某種程度上類似于拿著手機(jī),信號(hào)卻斷斷續(xù)續(xù),,時(shí)有時(shí)無(wú),。”

在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里,,它被誤稱為“小兒多動(dòng)癥”,。因此,當(dāng)提起ADHD,,一個(gè)坐不住的,、調(diào)皮的小男孩似乎是最標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的形象。這是對(duì)ADHD最大的誤解,。如今,,更多人意識(shí)到,ADHD作為一種發(fā)病機(jī)理尚不明確的神經(jīng)發(fā)育障礙,,有容易分心,、容易沖動(dòng)、短期記憶力差,、坐不住等典型癥狀,,這些與年齡和性別無(wú)關(guān)。它無(wú)法被治愈,,也不完全是一種“疾病”,。

   Symptoms and behaviors associated with ADHD include:

  1. trouble focusing on tasks or becoming so focused on an activity that you lose track of time

  2. difficulty paying attention and being easily distracted

  3. moving from one activity or task to another without completing them

  4. impulsive behaviors that may result in negative consequences; regularly forgetting items or appointments

  5. low motivation to begin tasks, especially ones that don’t interest youSome of these symptoms can look like an unwillingness to engage in a task or activity. This is most likely why some people associate ADHD with laziness.


一個(gè)得不到確診的成年ADHD患者,往往會(huì)因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)長(zhǎng)年累月地受挫,,變得自我評(píng)價(jià)低下,、負(fù)面情緒嚴(yán)重,繼而更難實(shí)現(xiàn)生活中的期待和目標(biāo),,形成惡性循環(huán),。ADHD人群的數(shù)量在人口中占比5%-7%,絕對(duì)不是一個(gè)小數(shù)字, 且在確診比例上對(duì)比懸殊,。在兒童時(shí)期,,男孩的確診比例在女孩確診比例的兩倍以上。男性的平均確診年齡在十幾歲,,女性則在30-40歲,。

很多原因造成了這樣的現(xiàn)狀。比如女性ADHD表現(xiàn)出的癥狀多半集中在“注意力缺陷”方面,,相對(duì)于男性ADHD可能表現(xiàn)出的坐不住,、愛(ài)喧嘩打架等,,它對(duì)外界的破壞性更小,也更難被識(shí)別,。這導(dǎo)致女性在確診難度上比男性高得多,。

For women, ADHD is often underdiagnosed. This may be partly due to the misconception that ADHD only affects school-aged boys. But symptoms of ADHD in women can look different from men, leading to confusion in the diagnostic process.

懶惰和拖延就是得了ADHD?

很多人對(duì)注意力缺陷有點(diǎn)誤解,,它不是指缺乏注意力,,是缺乏對(duì)注意力的控制能力。

研究表明,,ADHD患者的大腦與普通人大腦不同,,存在一些功能上的差異,這些差異會(huì)影響他們的日常生活,,導(dǎo)致類似倦怠的癥狀,。例如,多動(dòng)癥患者的前額葉皮質(zhì)(Prefrontal cortex)通常較小,,而前額葉皮質(zhì)控制著執(zhí)行功能,,如進(jìn)行理性分析決策和調(diào)節(jié)注意力集中的時(shí)間。邊緣系統(tǒng)(Limbic system)控制著情緒調(diào)節(jié),,ADHD患者可能會(huì)有較大的情緒波動(dòng),。

Research shows that the ADHD brain differs from a non-ADHD brain and these differences impact how they function daily, causing laziness-like symptoms. For example, the prefrontal cortex is often smaller in those with ADHD, which controls executive functioning, like rational decision-making and attention span. The limbic system controls emotional regulation, and those with ADHD can struggle with mood swings.


但并非出現(xiàn)上述癥狀就是患有ADHD,這些癥狀也可能是心情沮喪,、長(zhǎng)期焦慮,,或是曾經(jīng)受過(guò)創(chuàng)傷后的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)上出現(xiàn)了很多有關(guān)于ADHD的自測(cè)量表,,如果擔(dān)憂自己患有ADHD還是應(yīng)當(dāng)去咨詢醫(yī)生,,接受系統(tǒng)正規(guī)的檢查。

失控的注意力,,靈感的創(chuàng)造師

ADHD有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)有點(diǎn)奇特的現(xiàn)象,,叫"hyperfocus",也就是過(guò)于集中注意力,,無(wú)法把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他目標(biāo)上,。ADHD患者擁有更具發(fā)散性的思維,更高的創(chuàng)造力,,他們?cè)谔剿餍院蛣?chuàng)新性任務(wù)中可能更靈活,。

People with ADHD have symptoms of inattentiveness, but they often also have a capacity to hyperfocus on a narrow area that is of particular interest to them. Clearly, ADHD is not a guarantee of genius, but the focused work rate that it produces may enable creative genius ADHD and creative genius to flourish.


在一些亟需創(chuàng)造力的職業(yè)中,ADHD的潛力得以體現(xiàn),,比如藝術(shù)家,、演員、作家,、數(shù)學(xué)家等,。


有學(xué)者還認(rèn)為,,歷史上一些已經(jīng)離世的偉人中,比如作家馬克·吐溫,、劇作家?jiàn)W斯卡·王爾德,、物理學(xué)家愛(ài)迪生、藝術(shù)家畢加索,,可能都是ADHD患者。確診ADHD,,并不意味著我們是“爛人”,,也不算“病人”,只是神經(jīng)發(fā)育跟典型人群不同,。ADHD的診斷和治療會(huì)耗費(fèi)很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,,需要付出超出常人的辛苦與努力才能把生活推上正軌,對(duì)于ADHD患者來(lái)說(shuō),,也許前路充滿坎坷與艱辛,,但只要了解原因所在,就總能找到解決方法,。


來(lái)源:中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)雙語(yǔ)新聞